{"id":1672,"date":"2021-03-07T14:13:20","date_gmt":"2021-03-07T13:13:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cbrell.de\/blog\/?p=1672"},"modified":"2024-11-17T22:16:22","modified_gmt":"2024-11-17T21:16:22","slug":"raspberry-pi-sensoren-und-aktoren-anschliessen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cbrell.de\/blog\/raspberry-pi-sensoren-und-aktoren-anschliessen\/","title":{"rendered":"Raspberry Pi Pinbelegung &#8211; Sensoren und Aktoren anschlie\u00dfen"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Mit seinen GPIO bietet der Raspberry vielf\u00e4ltige M\u00f6glichkeiten, Sensoren und Aktoren (zur Ausautomation, oder einfache LED &#8230;) anzuschlie\u00dfen. Der Blogbeitrag gibt ein paar beispielhafte Hinweise, wie das gelingen kann und wie Sie mit der Raspberry Pi Pinbelegung umgehen k\u00f6nnen.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>GPIO &#8211; Raspberry Pi Pinbelegung<\/h2>\n<p>Die 40 Anschl\u00fcsse des Raspberry Pi hei\u00dfen GPIO (General Purpose In- an Output) und liefern eine Vielzahl von Steuerungsm\u00f6glichkeiten. Der Raspberry Pi hat allerdings nur digitale Eing\u00e4nge. Wollen Sie beispielsweise analoge Spannung messen, ist etwas Zusatzaufwand erforderlich. Abb. 1 zeigt die Bedeutung der Anschl\u00fcsse des Raspberry Pi. Wichtig ist hierbei, dass sich die Nummerierung der Anschl\u00fcsse und die GPIO-Nummern unterscheiden.<\/p>\n<pre>Raspberry Pi Pinbelegung\r\nSD-Karten-Seite\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|            |GPIO  |Pin  |Pin   |GPIO  |            |\r\n+============+======+=====+======+======+============+\r\n|3,3V        |      | 1   | 2    |      |5V.         |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|SDA1        | 2    | 3   | 4    |      |5V          |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|SCL1        | 3    | 5   | 6    |      |GND         |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|GPCLK0.     | 4    | 7   | 8    | 14   |TXD         |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|GND         |      | 9   |10    | 15   |RXD         |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|CE1_1       |17    |11   |12    |18    |PWM0,CE0_1  |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|            |27    |13   |14    | 7    |GND         |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|            |22    |15   |16    |23    |            |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|3,3V        |      |17   |18    |24    |            |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|MOSI_0      |      |10   |19    |20    |GND         |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|MISO_0      | 9    |21   |22    |25    |            |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|SCLK_0      |11    |23   |24    | 8    |CE0_0 (SPI) |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|GND         |      |25   |26    | 7    |CD1_0 (SPI) |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|DNC         |      |27   |28    |      |DNC         |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|GPCLK1      | 5    |29   |30    |      |GND         |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|GPCLK2      | 6    |31   |32    |12    |PWM0        |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|PWM1        |13    |33   |34    |      |GND         |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|PWM1\/MISO_1 |19    |35   |36    |16    |CE2_1       |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|            |26    |37   |38    |20    |MOSI_1      |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n|GND         |      |39   |40    |21    |SCLK_1      |\r\n+------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>Abb. 1: Die Belegung der Anschl\u00fcsse m Raspberry Pi (als Text)<\/p>\n<h2>LED mit dem Raspberry steuern<\/h2>\n<p>wird noch erstellt<\/p>\n<h2>W\u00e4gemodul\/AD-Wandler HX711 anschlie\u00dfen<\/h2>\n<p>Einige Anleitungen im Internet schlie\u00dfen die Datenleitung und die Signalsierung an die GPIO 5 und 6 an, allerdings ohne daf\u00fcr einen Grund anzugeben. Vermutlich kommen diese Anschl\u00fcsse des Raspberry besser mit dem Timing des HX711 zurecht. Der Versuch, einen gr\u00fcne Breakout-Platine mit dem Aufdruck XFW an den GPIO 2 und 3 zu betreiben, ergab stark schwankende und unsinnige Werte. Auch ein Wechsel von 5 V auf 3,3 V brachte keine Besserung, erst der Wechsel zur\u00fcck auf GPIO 5 und 6.<\/p>\n<p>Update 29.04.2021: gute Ergebnisse wurden mit GPIO 23 und 24 erzielt.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cbrell.de\/blog\/waegezelle-wie-funktionieren-preiswerte-personenwaagen-zellen\/\">Hinweise zum Anschluss preiswerter W\u00e4gezellen gibt es hier.<\/a> So schalten Sie mehrere (vier) W\u00e4gezellen aus Personenwaagen zusammen.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/honey-pi.de\/a-d-wandler-hx711\/\">Viele Hinweise gibts auch auf den Honey-Pi-Seiten.<\/a> Der Honey-Pi ist ein Selbstbauprojekt. Mit dem Honey-Pi k\u00f6nnen Sie die Abf\u00fcllung von Bienenenhonig in Gl\u00e4ser f\u00fcr den Verkauf halb automatisieren.<\/p>\n<h2>I2C Ger\u00e4te anschlie\u00dfen<\/h2>\n<p>wird noch erstellt<\/p>\n<h2>Die serielle Schnittstelle<\/h2>\n<p>wird noch erstellt<\/p>\n<h2>433 MHz Funk empfangen und senden<\/h2>\n<p>wird noch erstellt<\/p>\n<h2>Beispiel f\u00fcr eine Mutisensor-Beschaltung<\/h2>\n<p>Zum Zeitpunkt 29.04.2021 noch im Test. Geplant ist der Anschluss folgender Sensoren:<br \/>\n&#8211; BME280 &#8211; Klima<br \/>\n&#8211; alternativ DHT22-1 &#8211; Klima ohne Druck<br \/>\n&#8211; 3*DS18B20 &#8211; Brutraum Honigbienen<br \/>\n&#8211; HX711 &#8211; Gewicht Honigbienen<br \/>\n&#8211; DHT22-2 &#8211; Feuchte Honigraum<br \/>\n&#8211; Schalter &#8211; Einfaches Umschalten zur Wartung<\/p>\n<pre>Raspberry Pi Pinbelegung\r\nSD-Karten-Seite\r\n       +------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n       |            |GPIO  |Pin  |Pin   |GPIO  |            |\r\n       +============+======+=====+======+======+============+\r\n       |3,3V        |      | 1   | 2    |      |5V.         |\r\n       +------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\nBME2080|SDA1        | 2    | 3   | 4    |      |5V          |\r\n       +------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\nBME2080|SCL1        | 3    | 5   | 6    |      |GND         |\r\n       +------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+ \r\nDHT22-1|GPCLK0.     | 4    | 7   | 8    | 14   |TXD         |\r\n       +------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n       |GND         |      | 9   |10    | 15   |RXD         |\r\n       +------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\nDS18B20|CE1_1       |17    |11   |12    |18    |PWM0,CE0_1  |Schalter\r\n       +------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\nDHT22-2|            |27    |13   |14    | 7    |GND         |\r\n       +------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n       |            |22    |15   |16    |23    |            |HX711\r\n       +------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n       |3,3V        |      |17   |18    |24    |            |HX711\r\n       +------------+------+-----+------+------+------------+\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>Umsetzung auf eine lineare Steckerleiste:<\/p>\n<pre> Pin - Leiste - Sensor\r\n   1 -        - BME280 Plus, DHT22-1 Plus\r\n   3 -SDA1    - BME280 SDA,  \r\n   5 -SLC1    - BME280 SCL\r\n   9 -        - BME280 GND,  DHT22-1 GND\r\n   9 -     1  - DS18B20 GND, Plus\r\n  11 -17   2  - DS18B20 Data (parasit\u00e4r)\r\n   9 -     3  - DS18B20 GND, Plus\r\n   1 -     4  - DHT22-2 Plus\r\n  13 -27   5  - DHT22-2 Data\r\n   9 -     6  - DHT22-2 GND\r\n   1 -     7  - HX711 Plus\r\n  16 -23   8  - HX711 Data\r\n  18 -24   9  - HX711 Clock\r\n   9 -    10  - HX711 GND<\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/cbrell.de\/zaehler\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"shariff shariff-align-flex-start shariff-widget-align-flex-start\" data-services=\"facebook\" data-url=\"https%3A%2F%2Fcbrell.de%2Fblog%2Fraspberry-pi-sensoren-und-aktoren-anschliessen%2F\" data-timestamp=\"1731881782\" data-backendurl=\"https:\/\/cbrell.de\/blog\/wp-json\/shariff\/v1\/share_counts?\"><div class=\"ShariffHeadline\">Teile diesen Beitrag.<\/div><ul class=\"shariff-buttons theme-round orientation-horizontal buttonsize-medium\"><li class=\"shariff-button twitter shariff-nocustomcolor\" style=\"background-color:#32bbf5\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcbrell.de%2Fblog%2Fraspberry-pi-sensoren-und-aktoren-anschliessen%2F&text=Raspberry%20Pi%20Pinbelegung%20%E2%80%93%20Sensoren%20und%20Aktoren%20anschlie%C3%9Fen\" title=\"Bei Twitter teilen\" aria-label=\"Bei Twitter teilen\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" class=\"shariff-link\" style=\"; 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Der Blogbeitrag gibt ein paar beispielhafte Hinweise, wie das gelingen kann und &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[75,76],"tags":[414,416,415,413,228,78,124,408],"class_list":["post-1672","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-internet-of-things-iot","category-raspberry-pi","tag-gpio","tag-hx711","tag-leuchtdiode","tag-pinbelegung","tag-raspberry","tag-raspberry-pi","tag-sensor","tag-waegezelle"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Raspberry Pi Pinbelegung - Sensoren und Aktoren anschlie\u00dfen<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Wie schlie\u00dft man was an die GPIO (General Purpose In- an Output) an? 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